大采高综放工作面强动压端头顶板控制技术

为了解决大采高综放工作面回风侧端头顶板控制问题,针对马道头矿8211工作面的地质情况,通过对回风顺槽超前注浆加固,提高超前支护范围和支护强度,并对回风侧端头三角区煤壁和顶板进行化学浆加固的技术方案,有效控制了顺槽超前区围岩变形和工作面回风侧端头三角区煤壁片帮,保证了工作面端头区顶板安全。     

Reduced basis method for managed pressure drilling based on a model with local nonlinearities

To circumvent restrictions of conventional drilling methods, such as slow control actions and inability to drill depleted reservoirs, a drilling method called managed pressure drilling (MPD) has been developed. In MPD, single-phase flow processes can be modeled as a feedback interconnection of a high-order linear system and a low-order nonlinear system. These nonlinearities appear locally both inside and at the boundaries of the computational domain. To obtain a fast simulation platform for real-time purposes (eg, online model-based controller implementation), model order reduction is required for MPD. However, the local nonlinearities render applying model order reduction techniques challenging. In this study, a new approach is proposed to deal with such nonlinearities within the reduced basis (RB) context and it is successfully tested on a model for MPD. Contrary to the classical RB technique, the proposed approach not only does not generate nonphysical spikes at the locations of these local nonlinearities but also yields high speedup factors. The obtained reduced-order model can be used for efficient online simulation and controller design for drilling systems with MPD.     

煤层顶板硬岩大直径定向钻孔施工关键技术

根据顶板高位定向钻孔快速钻进成孔与工作面卸压瓦斯高效抽采治理需要，针对现有螺杆马达定向钻进技术与分级扩孔方法存在的问题，开展了顶板硬岩定向钻进与大直径扩孔钻进关键技术研究，开发了冲击回转定向钻进技术、扭冲回转定向钻进技术、扭冲旋转扩孔技术以及双级双速扩孔技术等钻孔提速新技术，研制了冲击螺杆马达、矿用小直径扭力冲击器、双级双速螺杆马达、组合式扩孔钻头等配套钻具。综合试验结果表明，硬岩定向钻孔平均机械钻进效率达到8.34 m/h，最高达到13.6 m/h，较常规螺杆马达定向钻进技术提升20%~30%；硬岩大直径扩孔终孔直径达到200 mm，机械钻进效率平均达到5.6 m/h以上，最高达到10.5 m/h。该技术提升了顶板硬岩定向钻进效率与大直径扩孔钻进效率，缩短了顶板高位定向钻孔的综合施工周期，为大直径高位定向长钻孔快速成孔与高效抽采治理回采工作面卸压瓦斯提供了可靠的技术手段。     

四台矿均压硐室的优化与研究

四台矿属于近距离容易自燃煤层开采,综采工作面采用均压通风系统。在进风顺槽中布置的本巷均压硐室,风机吸风口距离均压风门近,吸风风流经过带式输送机,往往会造成均压风门漏风严重,均压硐室周围温度较高、煤尘较大。据此四台矿优化均压硐室布置方式,采用独立均压硐室代替先前的本巷均压硐室。对优化前后的数据进行研究分析,得出独立均压硐室的应用在减少风门漏风量,降低温度,抑制煤尘方面均有很大改善,实践证明了采用独立均压硐室的可行性及优点。     

Vertical cyclic loading response of geosynthetic-encased stone column in soft clay

Dynamic responses of the geosynthetic-encased stone column (GESC) supported embankment under traffic loads have become a hot topic. This study investigates the responses of GESC improved ground under vertical cyclic loading. A series of laboratory tests in a designed model test tank have been carried out with different loading parameters (varied loading amplitudes and frequencies), different column dimensions (varied encasement lengths and column diameters). In the tests, the soil-column stress distribution, accumulated settlement of loading plate, excess pore water pressure in the surrounding soil and lateral bulging of the stone column are monitored. Experimental results indicate that the vertical stress on the stone column increases with the increment of encasement length, and decreases with the increment of column diameter, loading amplitude and loading frequency. The increasing stress on the surrounding soil leads to a greater accumulated settlement of the loading plate and excess pore water pressure, while the increasing stress on the column leads to larger lateral bulging of the column. Excess pore water pressure dissipates effectively through vertical and horizontal drainage channels provided by the stone column and the sand bed. The geosynthetic encasement prevents the clay from obstructing the drainage channel by filtration and guarantees the drainage effect.     

采场动压分布特征及高效瓦斯抽放技术研究

河南地区大部分煤矿所采煤层均属于三软煤层，煤层透气性差，瓦斯治理困难。现阶段河南区域煤与瓦斯突出矿井主要采用穿层钻孔及开采保护层作为区域防突措施，而低瓦斯矿井或临突矿井（低瓦斯矿井与煤与瓦斯突出矿井相邻）存在高瓦斯区时，仅仅用风排瓦斯很难达到治理效果，近些年煤矿发生瓦斯事故多数为低瓦斯矿井，所以低瓦斯矿井和临突矿井存在高瓦斯区域的工作面回采期间瓦斯治理尤为重要。根据采场“竖三带”和“横三区”理论，利用钻孔抽放效果考察法和工作突出预测指标法研究了采场围岩动压分布特征。在此基础上，通过优化动压区抽放钻孔设计，提高了瓦斯抽放效果。瓦斯抽放量提高了1.8倍，有效降低了工作面生产期间的风排瓦斯量，提高了生产效率，保证了矿井安全生产。     

铋精矿加压氧化氨浸高效分离铜、硫和铋

针对湖南柿竹园铋精矿火法冶炼过程中存在的成本高、低浓度SO₂和散烟排放污染环境、有价金属综合回收率低等问题, 以柿竹园铋精矿为原料, 提出了加压氧化氨浸分离铋与铜、硫的新工艺, 研究了氨水加入量、浸出温度、浸出时间、浸出压力及浸出液固比等因素对铜、硫、铋浸出率的影响。在氨水用量1.8 mL/g_铋精矿、液固比4∶1、釜压2.8 MPa、浸出温度160 ℃、浸出时间5 h、搅拌速度600 r/min的优化工艺条件下, 铜、硫浸出率分别达93.57%和92.87%, 铋不浸出并以氧化铋形态全部入渣, 实现了铜、硫与铋的高效分离。     

浅谈高压中速磨粉系统在磷酸二铵生产中的应用

通过对磷酸二铵生产造粒特性分析,高压中速磨粉机原理分析,结合实践生产中的工艺需求,利用高压中速磨粉系统将颗粒状不合格品磨成细粉后添加进系统重新喷浆造粒,提高返料添加量,减少不合格品的产生,腾空仓库有限货位,以获取更大的经济价值。     

细粒尾矿综合利用技术研究

姑山矿业公司为提高细粒尾矿的综合利用率，研究分析了细粒尾矿的性质，系统研究了尾矿含量、煅烧工艺制度对不同成分体系尾矿陶粒堆积密度、表观密度、空隙率、吸水率、筒压强度及软化系数的影响。研究得出了全尾矿陶粒、细粒尾矿+污泥陶粒、细粒尾矿+污泥+粉煤灰陶粒3种成分体系的尾矿陶粒较优的尾矿含量及煅烧工艺制度，且3种尾矿陶粒均可代替石头用作粗集料。     

松河井田多煤层资源开发条件及合采储层伤害特征

为了降低煤层气井排采过程中的储层伤害,通过分析松河井田的资源开发条件及煤层气井排采数据,总结各排采阶段不合理排采控制引起的储层伤害特征,提出不同排采阶段合理的排采工艺对策。分析结果表明:松河井田煤层气资源丰度达到2.09×10^8m^3/km^2,煤层气资源开发条件较好;松河井田多煤层合层排采过程中,不合理排采控制工艺对煤层气井的产气量影响较大;排采初期以速敏伤害为主,排采中期以气锁和应力闭合伤害为主;修井作业及停抽期间,气锁效应及应力闭合对煤层造成伤害的可能性增大。合理的排采控制能够有效降低煤层气井的储层伤害,提高煤层气井产气量。